Short Note on the contribution of Amir Khusrau towards
Hindi Literature
Amir Khusrau (1253 - 1325) was the first great name among
Indian historiographers during the sultanate period. He lived through the reign
of six different Sultans. Kaiqubad, Bughra Khan, Jalaluddin Khilji, Alauddin
Khilji, Qutbudin Mubarak Shah Khilji and Ghyasuddin Tughlaq. His close
association with these sultans, and more so with the saint, Nizamuddin Auliya,
gave him an opportunity of knowing the political events and the social
conditions of the time. He is a very prolific writer who is supposed to have
written about 92 works. But he is more a poet than a historian, his works lack
unity of theme and chronology His strongest point is an embellished style. His
works on history are 6 in number, the most important of which are Khazain - ul-
Futuh, Khiran - us- Sadain, and Thugluqnamah. He is good in giving us an
account of events but his philosophy of history is not rational but
metaphysical in nature. For him human characteristics are created outside the
world of time and events, that is by God, and events merely betray those
characteristics.
In other words, man is a creature depending entirely on the
Divine Will. The modern concept of History is that it is the story of developing
changing human nature in action; but to Khusrau it was a spectacle o divine
Ordination. If Ranke speaks in terms of God dwelling in history, Croce in terms
of the spirit action, and Toynbee in terms of theodicy it is no wonder that Amir
Khusrau was speaking almost in the same language. He advises Allaudin not to be
harsh in government. The primary purpose of Amir Khusrau was to fulfill his aesthetic
sense, to amuse his readers, to stimulate their emotions and the poetic medium
suited his historical theme.
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