Part III (Articles 12 – 30) contain the fundamental rights
of Indian citizens.
Our Fundamental Rights are as follows:
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Right to Equality – Articles 14 to 18
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Right to Freedom – Articles 19 to 22
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Right Against Exploitation – Articles 23 to 24
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Right to Freedom of Religion – Articles 25 to 28
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Cultural and Educational Rights – Articles 29 to
30
Right to Equality
Article 14 – Equality before Law – This provision guarantees
that the State shall not deny any person equality before law or equal protection
of laws within the territory of India.
Article 15 – Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of
religion, race, caste, gender, place of birth.
Article 16 – Equality in matters of public employment – guarantees
equal opportunities for all citizens in matters relating to employment to any
office under the State.
Article 17 – Abolition of Untouchability – prohibits untouchability
in any form and such acts are an offence punishable in accordance with the law.
Article 18 – Abolition of Titles – No title shall be conferred
by the state except for military and academic distinctions and no citizen of India
shall accept any title from any foreign state.
Right to Freedom
Article 19 – Protection of certain rights regarding freedom
of speech etc. – This article provides for all citizens the right
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To freedom of speech and expression
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To assemble peacefully without arms
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To from associations or unions
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To move freely throughout the territory of India
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To reside and settle in any part of the territory
of India
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To practice any profession, occupation, trade or
business.
Article 20 – Protection in respect of conviction of offences
– protects citizens from ex-postfacto legislation, double jeopardy and
self-witness.
Article 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty – no person
shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure
established by law.
Article 21 A – Right to education – State shall provide free
and compulsory education to all children of the age 6 to 14.
Article 22 – Protection against arbitrary arrest and detention
– no person shall be detained in custody without being informed of the ground
on which he has been arrested. He will not be denied the right to consult a lawyer
of his choice.
Right to Freedom of Religion
Article 25 – Freedom of conscience and free profession,
practice and propagation of religion.
Article 26 – Freedom to manage religious affairs.
Article 27 – Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of
any particular religion.
Article 28 – Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction
or religious worship in certain educational institutions – guarantees that no religious
instruction shall be provided in any educational institution maintained wholly
out of state funds. Also a person attending an educational institution
maintained partially out of state funds or recognized by the state cannot be compelled
by the institution to attend religious instruction without consent of his or
her guardian.
