SEMANTIC TRANSLATION

Semantic translation is a method of translation that focuses on conveying the exact meaning of the original text as closely as possible. The main aim is to preserve the original sense, tone, style, and cultural context of the source language.

The term semantic translation was introduced by Peter Newmark, who explained different approaches to translation. According to him, semantic translation tries to remain faithful to the author’s intention and the original text.

Key Features of Semantic Translation

- Focuses on the exact meaning of words and sentences

- Preserves the original tone and style

- Gives importance to the author’s intention

- Tries to maintain cultural and emotional elements

- May sound slightly formal or less natural in the target language

Example: If a sentence in Hindi says, “वह दिल का बहुत अच्छा है”, a semantic translation would be: “He is very good at heart.” The translator keeps the original meaning and expression rather than changing it to something like “He is a kind person,” which would be more communicative.

Difference from Communicative Translation

While semantic translation focuses on the original text and author, communicative translation focuses more on the reader and making the text easily understandable. Semantic translation is more faithful to the source text.

Semantic translation is a careful and detailed method of translation that aims to transfer the exact meaning of the original text. It respects the author’s style and cultural context and is commonly used in literary, academic, and serious texts where accuracy is important.