TRIBAL, RURAL & URBAN CHARACTERISTICS, INDIA

TRIBAL CHARACTERISTICS

Click the link for the details of Tribal Characteristics Tribal Rural & Urban Characteristics of Society

RURAL CHARACTERISTICS

Rural Community is the area which is under development.

Characteristics of Rural community:

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          Size – Village communities are smaller in area than urban communities.

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     Relationships – Higher face to face contact due to low population

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     Occupation – the main occupation in the rural areas is agriculture.

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     Close contact with nature – as the daily activities involve contact with natural environment. They depend on nature for food, clothing and shelter.

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        Homogeneity of population – most of the population is connected through agriculture and other occupations

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       Social stratification – is traditional and based on caste.

-         Social interaction – is stable and continuous. Family fulfills the needs of the members and exercises control over members.

URBAN CHARACTERISTICS

Urban areas are developed. Towns, cities and suburbs are termed as urban areas. They follow non agricultural occupations. There is a high density of population with housing facilities, commercial buildings, roads, railways and bridges.

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        Size – Urban communities are much larger than rural communities.

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         Density of population – is greater than rural

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          Family – Individual is considered more important than community. Nuclear families are more popular in urban areas.

-          Marriage – more love marriages than arranged marriages. Also a greater number of divorces. Sons and daughters have considerably more freedom in choosing their life partners.

-          Occupation – major occupations are in administrative, industrial and professional fields.

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      Class extremes – All classes of people co-exist. One can see slums alongside apartments.

-          Social homogeneity – cities are comprised of diverse people, races and cultures. There is a variety in the food habits, dress, living conditions, religious beliefs, customs and traditions of the people.

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         Social distance – most cities are impersonal in nature. There is lack of personal involvement in the affairs of others.

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          Mobility – there is high social mobility and social status is not determined by heredity or birth but by merit, capacity and intelligence.

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          Materialism – High importance is given to wealth, financial assets, salaries, costly homes and material possessions.

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          Individualism – Urbanites are obsessed with their own welfare and happiness.

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          Rationality – most relationships are based on gain and loss and people work o contractual basis. Once the contract is over the relationship is over.