MIGRATION

Migration is the movement / shifting of people from one place to another. It may be from village to city (rural to urban), from one part of the country to another part of the country or from one country to another country.

Migration within the country is called Internal Migration.

Migration from one country to another country is called International Migration.

When people migrate from their own country to another it is called Emigration and the people are called Emigrants.

When people migrate from other countries to your country they are called Immigrants and the process is called Immigration.

Liberalization, privatization, globalization industrialization and urbanization opened up opportunities in business as well as employment. This led to young, educated, skilled, adventurous, risk bearing people migrating for better prospects.

Developed countries have shortage of labor or labor is costly. Underdeveloped or developing countries have large unutilized or underutilized labor force.

Privatization and globalization have made it possible for both sides to take advantage of this.

Migration has both positive and negative impacts on the countries

Impact of migration on countries of origin:

Improvement in the lifestyle and standard of living of family members in home country. E.g. Kerala

Increasing consumerism amongst the families of emigrants of home country

Brain drain is a serious problem as migrants are well educated, skilled and trained professionals. E.g. 

Doctors, engineers and IT people working in US or UK.

Impact of migration on receiving countries:

Immigrants tend to become the objects of prejudice and discrimination

In some countries immigrants are paid lower wages

Immigrants find it difficult to adjust to changes in climate, food habits, customs and culture.

Being educated skilled and trained they tend to get the best quality human resources for economic development.