INTERVIEWS: TYPES, PREPARATION & PROTOCOL

Types of Interviews

1. In-Depth Interviews: Detailed, open-ended interviews that explore a person's thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
2. Structured Interviews: Standardized interviews with pre-determined questions and a set format.
3. Semi-Structured Interviews: Flexible interviews that combine open-ended and structured questions.
4. Group Interviews: Interviews with multiple participants, often used for focus groups or panel discussions.
5. Telephone or Video Interviews: Remote interviews conducted via phone or video conferencing.

Preparing for Interviews

1. Research the Subject: Gather background information on the interviewee and their work.
2. Define the Objective: Clearly determine the purpose and scope of the interview.
3. Prepare a Questionnaire: Develop a list of open-ended and structured questions.
4. Schedule and Confirm: Arrange a convenient time and date for the interview and confirm the details.
5. Equipment and Materials: Ensure necessary equipment, such as recorders or notebooks, are available.

Preparing a Questionnaire

1. Open-Ended Questions: Encourage in-depth responses with open-ended questions.
2. Structured Questions: Use specific, factual questions to gather information.
3. Avoid Leading Questions: Phrase questions to avoid influencing the response.
4. Prioritize Questions: Organize questions in a logical order, with most important questions first.
5. Pilot Test: Test the questionnaire with a small group to refine and improve it.

Protocol and Ethical Issues

1. Informed Consent: Obtain explicit consent from the interviewee before conducting the interview.
2. Confidentiality: Ensure the interviewee's privacy and confidentiality are respected.
3. Avoid Bias: Remain impartial and avoid leading questions or biased language.
 
4. Respect Boundaries: Be mindful of the interviewee's time, comfort, and emotional well-being.
5. Transparency: Clearly explain the purpose, scope, and potential outcomes of the interview.

Writing the Interview Copy

1. Transcribe the Interview: Accurately transcribe the interview, using a recording or notes.
2. Edit and Clarify: Edit the transcript for clarity, grammar, and punctuation.
3. Use Quotations: Incorporate direct quotations from the interviewee to add depth and authenticity.
4. Provide Context: Add contextual information to help readers understand the interviewee's perspective.
5. Fact-Check: Verify facts and information mentioned during the interview to ensure accuracy.

Additional Tips

1. Be Prepared to Adapt: Be flexible and adjust the interview approach as needed.
2. Use Active Listening: Engage with the interviewee and use active listening skills to encourage open and honest responses.
3. Take Notes: Take detailed notes during the interview to supplement the recording or transcript.
4. Send a Thank-You Note: Express gratitude to the interviewee for their time and participation.