Wednesday 27 September 2023

FILM PRODUCTION - CREATIVE ASPECT

The creative aspect of film production is a vital and multifaceted element that plays a central role in shaping the artistic and emotional impact of a film.

  1. Screenwriting: The foundation of any great film is a compelling and well-crafted screenplay. Writers use their creativity to develop unique characters, engaging plots, and memorable dialogue that captivate the audience.


  2. Visual Storytelling: Directors and cinematographers employ creative techniques such as camera angles, framing, lighting, and color schemes to convey the narrative visually. These choices influence the mood, tone, and thematic elements of the film.


  3. Production Design: The creative team responsible for production design, including set designers and art directors, craft the visual world of the film. Their imaginative choices in set construction, props, and costumes help create a distinct and immersive environment.


  4. Acting: Actors bring characters to life through their creative interpretation. Their ability to convey emotions, motives, and conflicts is a fundamental aspect of storytelling in film.


  5. Editing: Film editors shape the story's rhythm, pacing, and structure. Their creative decisions in selecting shots, arranging scenes, and manipulating time affect the narrative flow and impact.


  6. Sound and Music: Sound designers and composers add a layer of creativity through the use of sound effects and music. A carefully chosen soundtrack can enhance the emotional resonance of a film and contribute to its artistic quality.


  7. Visual Effects (VFX): In modern filmmaking, VFX artists employ cutting-edge technology to create imaginative and otherworldly elements that would be impossible to achieve otherwise. These effects can range from subtle enhancements to mind-bending spectacles.


  8. Direction: The director serves as the creative visionary who guides the entire production process. They collaborate with various departments to ensure a cohesive artistic vision and bring out the best in each aspect of filmmaking.


  9. Storytelling Innovation: Creative filmmakers often push boundaries by experimenting with non-linear narratives, unconventional storytelling techniques, and unique perspectives to engage the audience in new and exciting ways.


  10. Cultural and Social Commentary: Many films use their creative elements to address societal issues, challenge norms, and provide social commentary. This form of creativity can lead to thought-provoking and impactful cinema.

The creative aspect of film production is a collaborative endeavor where artists and professionals from various disciplines come together to craft a unique and captivating cinematic experience. Their creative choices influence every aspect of the film, from its narrative to its visual and auditory elements, making film a powerful medium for storytelling and artistic expression.

MEDIA CONVERGENCE

Media convergence refers to the merging of various forms of media, such as print, broadcast, and digital media, into a single platform or device. This phenomenon has been driven by advances in technology and changes in consumer behavior, leading to significant shifts in how information and entertainment are produced, distributed, and consumed.

  1. Technological Integration: Media convergence is made possible by the integration of technologies. For example, smartphones and tablets can now deliver a wide range of media content, including text, audio, video, and interactive features, all in one device.

  2. Content Integration: Convergence blurs the lines between different types of content. Traditional distinctions between newspapers, television, radio, and the internet have become less clear, as they often share and repurpose content across platforms.

  3. Audience Participation: Media convergence encourages audience participation and interaction. Social media platforms, for instance, allow users to create and share their content, blurring the line between media producers and consumers.

  4. Economic Implications: Convergence has had a profound impact on the business models of media companies. Traditional media outlets have had to adapt to the changing landscape by diversifying their offerings and revenue streams.

  5. Challenges and Opportunities: While media convergence offers opportunities for innovation and reaching wider audiences, it also poses challenges, such as concerns about media consolidation, loss of journalistic standards, and privacy issues.

  6. Personalization: Converged media often enables personalization, where users can tailor their media consumption based on their interests. Algorithms and data analytics play a significant role in delivering personalized content.

  7. Globalization: Convergence has facilitated the global dissemination of information and entertainment. News, entertainment, and cultural content from one part of the world can easily reach audiences in other regions.

  8. Cross-Media Marketing: Businesses and advertisers use media convergence to reach consumers across multiple channels. Integrated marketing campaigns that span print, television, social media, and websites are common in today's advertising landscape.

  9. Education and Entertainment: Convergence has transformed how we learn and entertain ourselves. Online education platforms, streaming services, and interactive media have become prominent in these domains.

Media convergence is a multifaceted phenomenon that reshapes how we create, consume, and interact with media content. It has profound implications for industries, society, and individuals, driving innovation and influencing how we navigate the information and entertainment landscape.

Friday 15 September 2023

AN OVERVIEW OF BANKING SECTOR SYLLABUS SYBBI Sem III NOTES

  Module I An Overview of Banking Sector

- Definition of Banks, Types of Banks, Principles of Banking

Functions of banks

- Banking system in India, Overview of RBI, Public, Private, Cooperative, Payment Bank, Regional Rural Banks 

- Emerging trends of banking - Universal banking, Electronic Banking, globalization of banking

- Brief History of banking sector reforms from 1991-2002 and Current developments in banking sector 

- Regulatory Architecture - Overview of Banking Regulation Act 1949, Banking Regulation Act (Amendment 2015), Payment and Settlement Act 2007, Negotiable Instrument Act 1881, BIS, Basel I, II and III. 

- Bank Crises in India

- Critical Evaluation of Banking Industry in India. 


Module II Commercial Banking and Customer- Banking Relationship

- Definition and meaning of Commercial Bank, Evolution of Commercial Banking in India, Functions of Commercial Bank, Services offered by Commercial Bank

- Retail Banking- Meaning, Features, Significance of Corporate Banking and Overview of its products

- Corporate Banking - Meaning, Features, Significance of Corporate Banking and Overview of its products 

- Banking Ombudsman- Meaning and Functions 


Unit III Universal Banking and Technology in Banking Sector

A. Universal Banking- Concept of Universal Banking, Evolution of Universal Banking, Services to Government, Payment and Settlement, Merchant Banking, Mutual Fund, Depository Services, Wealth Management, Portfolio Management Bancassurance, NRI Remittance. 

B. Technology in Banking- Features, norms and limitations of E-Banking, Mobile Banking, Internet Banking, RTGS, POS Terminal, NEFT, IMPS, Brown Label ATMs, White Label ATMs, NUUP, AEPS, APBS, CBS, CTS, Digital Signature, M- Wallets, Online opening of bank accounts- savings and current, and application for credit cards, loan. 

- Applicability of KYC norms in banking sector. 

Module IV Microfinance and Financial Inclusion 

A. Microfinance

- Introduction, need and Code of Conduct for Microfinance Institutions in India 

- Advantages, purpose, limitations and Models of SHG - Bank Linkage Program

- Role of NABARD and SIDBI

- Portfolio Securitization 

- SHG-2, NRLM, and SRLM

- Priority Sector and it’s classification 

B. Financial Inclusion 

- Need and extent

- RBI Committee Report of Medium Term Path on Financial Inclusion 2015, World Findex Report 2015, NISN Report 2015 (Only brief extracts relating to bank account holdings and credit taken and contrast between developing and developed nations.)

- Features and Procedures of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana and PM Mudra Yojana. 

- Features, procedures and significance of Stand up India Scheme for Green Field


RETAIL BANKING - MEANING FEATURES | CORPORATE BANKING - OVERVIEW OF ITS PRODUCTS

Retail banking, also known as consumer banking or personal banking, is a form of banking that provides financial services to individual consumers rather than businesses.

Retail banks offer a wide range of services to the general public, such as bank accounts, fixed deposits, credit and debit cards, loans, etc. These services help people efficiently manage their finances. Retail banking services, like deposits and withdrawals, can be done both online and at the bank branch. 

Features of Retail Banking

  • Retail banking services are tailored to each person's interests
    .
  • Retail banks provide a broad range of services to the general public
  • Deposits and withdrawals can be made for retail banking services both online and in a bank location

  • Retail banking is intended to help consumers manage their money by giving them access to basic banking services, a source of credit, and a way to deposit their funds in a secure manner

    .

Significance of Corporate Banking

Corporate banking is a type of banking that deals with corporate customers, including large companies, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and government entities


Corporate banking is significant because it provides a range of financial services to these customers, such as loans, trade finance, cash management, and investment banking services


Corporate banking is also important because it helps to drive economic growth by providing businesses with the capital they need to expand and create jobs

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Overview of Corporate Banking Products

Corporate banking products include:
  • Loans: Corporate banks provide loans to businesses for various purposes, such as working capital, capital expenditures, and project finance

    .
  • Trade Finance: Corporate banks provide trade finance services to businesses engaged in international trade, such as letters of credit, guarantees, and documentary collections

    .
  • Cash Management: Corporate banks provide cash management services to businesses to help them manage their cash flows, such as account management, payment processing, and liquidity management
    .
  • Investment Banking Services: Corporate banks provide investment banking services to businesses, such as underwriting, mergers and acquisitions, and securities trading