Aurangzeb’s Policy – The Mughal Empire had expanded beyond the limit of effective control. Aurangzeb’s fanatic religious policy created discontent in the country and there were several rebellions from Sikhs, Jats, Rajputs and Marathas.
Aurangzeb’s Deccan Policy – continued for 27 years and
drained the resources of the empire. The long war against the Marathas drained
the treasury and the long absence of Aurangzeb from Delhi weakened the Central
Government.
Weak successors of Aurangzeb – All the Mughal Emperors after
Aurangzeb were weak and unable to meet challenges from within and outside. The
later Emperors also spend much of their time in pleasures and amusement.
Mughal Nobility – Following the unworthy examples of the
Emperors, the Nobles took to luxurious living and gave up military activities.
Formation of cliques – The Nobles were divided and fought
among each other. They forgot about the interest of the Empire and sometimes
joined the invaders against their own Emperor and country.
Absence of Law of Succession – There was no Law of
Succession among the Mughals. So there used to be a war of succession among the
sons of the dying Emperor. Powerful Nobles acted as ‘king makers’ and chose
Emperors to suit their personal interests.
Military Weakness – The Mansabdari System was weak. The
Emperor did not have any contact with the soldiers who were paid by the
commanders. As the authority of the King declined, the Nobles converted their
Jagirs into hereditary possessions. The discipline of the army also declined.
Foreign Invasions – Invaders like Nadir Shah, Ahmedshah
Abdali, etc., invaded India and gave a severe blow to the Mughal Empire.
Rise of British – Taking advantage of the political
confusion the English East India Company established its political power in
India
No comments:
Post a Comment